Risk is a funny concept.
In the gulf during the first 6 months of the British deployment (the actual war, and its immediate aftermath), the death rate in the British Army fell below its peace-time average. This is attributable to one simple fact. When you are being shot at by Iraqis, you are not driving a car to work.
If I am to take the train from London to Hitchin, I pass through Hatfield and Potters Bar, the scenes of the rail disasters which gave this awful governemnt an excuse to massively disrupt the British Rail network, and rape private investors into the bargain. These crashes killed 4 and 7 people respectively and they are still in the news 5 years after the events.
In those 5 years despite Britian having the safest roads in Europe about 17,500 people have died on British Roads. Between 9 and 10 a day. So it is possible, statistically that disruption to the rail services killed more people than the disater. In any case there's a Hatfield and a Potters bar on our roads almost every day.
Yet you would assume that serving in a conflict zone was more dangerous than serving in the UK. If you read the papers, you'd be forgiven for thinking that British trains weren't safe (they are very safe, by any comparison).
Which brings us to the concept of risk. Staistics are the only way of making sence of this, and nothing is perfectly safe, so people mustn't get their Knickers in a twist at everything that goes wrong, because as I constantly point out, there are unintended consequences. Disrupt the railways, more people drive. More people drive, more people die.
Now why would someone who drives 1,000 miles a week care about the infinitesimal risk of eating a piece of British Beef during the "mad cow disese" nonsence?
But people won't listen to what the statistics tell them. "Lies, damn lies and statistics" they smirk. Politicians are culpable. Twisting statistics, comparing apples with pears and using "average", when they mean "medain" are just some of the tricks some use to get a point across to someone who they assess won't know any better.
When I started on this post, I intended to write about financial risk where all this is most easily measured. Financial risk represents the potential rewards set against the liklihood of losing some, all or more of your money. The Gammut of fianancial risk runs from futures contracts and put options where the downside risk is unlimited (i.e. you can lose all your money and a lot more), through "three legged bob", a 200:1 outsider at the 3:15 at haydock park, (you'll more than likely lose all your money, but if all the other riders fall, you're quids in), all the way through equities, bonds, gilts, treasuries and finally overnight cash, where you earn whatever the central bank is paying and virtually no risk of losing it, except to inflation.
People are unwilling to shoulder downside financial risk when investing. They are wrong to think like that. This is what financial theorists call "asymetric risk tolerance". So the financial giants come up with products to protect capital. "80% of stock market growth, with no loss if the market falls" is a simple example. (The firm puts the money in an interest account paying enough to cover the premium of a Call option on the market with an expiry over the term of the contract). An extreme consequence of this is the split-cap scandal, where very complicated schemes, highly geared were sold as low-risk investments. Only this risk was predicated on the FTSE 100 staying over 6,000 or so. Market dropped, and lots of people lost all their money.
What these schemes also do is time your money up for a period of time, effectively charging you 20% of the stockmarket's growth for knowlege of the principle that "time ameliorates risk". so risk is therefore different depending on your time horizon. If you stick your money in overnight cash smug in the absolute security of your capital, eventually you'll lose out to inflation. In effect, there's a guarantee of losing money in real terms if your horizon is years, not days. Long dated gilts and Bonds are not much better, and index linked bonds only pay off if you think inflation will really shoot up.
So you need an asset class that will pay good returns over the long term (in return for some risk), is protected against inflation, you can get at your money if you want. you have the flexibility to invest a bit here, a bit there, and get at it if you need it. Equites are the way forward (but I would say that, wouldn't I!) Unit Trusts suck because of the charges, so if you want colloective investments, investment trusts are the way forward. Theres a lot to choose from and they move around, so bite the bullet. You're going to have to pay for advice. This is a problem, because everyone thinks they're Warren Buffett. (They also think they're a good driver)
So if you want to get rich and live to enjoy it, the holy trinity is time, patience and diversification. In the mean time, not all risk is bad and nothing that claims to be "risk-free" really is. And if you can, take the train.